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The ''Devonshire''-class cruiser was a group of six armoured cruisers built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. All ships of the class served in World War I. ''Argyll'' was wrecked, and ''Hampshire'' was sunk by a naval mine. The four survivors were disposed of soon after the war. ==Design and description== The ''Devonshire'' class was designed as improved versions of the preceding ''Monmouth'' class and were also intended for commerce protection. The armament of the new design was made more powerful by the replacement of the twin six-inch (152 mm) turrets and the forward double six-inch casemates by four 7.5-inch (190 mm) single turrets in a diamond arrangement.〔 The ships were designed to displace . They had an overall length of , a beam of and a deep draught of . The ''Devonshire''-class ships were powered by two 4-cylinder triple-expansion steam engines, each driving one shaft, which produced a total of and gave a maximum speed of . The engines were powered by seventeen Yarrow and six cylindrical boilers.〔Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 71〕 They carried a maximum of of coal and their complement consisted of 610 officers and other ranks.〔Friedman 2012, p. 336〕 The main armament of the ''Devonshire'' class consisted of four breech-loading (BL) 7.5-inch Mk I guns mounted in four single-gun turrets, one each fore and aft of the superstructure and one on each side.〔Friedman 2012, p. 256〕 The guns fired their shells to a range of about .〔Friedman 2011, pp. 75–76〕 Their secondary armament of six BL 6-inch Mk VII guns was arranged in casemates amidships. Four of these were mounted on the main deck and were only usable in calm weather.〔Friedman 2012, pp. 256, 260–61〕 They had a maximum range of approximately with their shells.〔Friedman 2011, pp. 80–81〕 The ships also carried 18 quick-firing (QF) 3-pounder Hotchkiss guns and two submerged 18-inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes.〔 Her two 12-pounder 8-cwt guns could be dismounted for service ashore.〔 At some point in the war, the main deck six-inch guns of the ''Devonshire''-class ships were moved to the upper deck and given gun shields. Their casemates were plated over to improve seakeeping and the four 3-pounder guns displaced by the transfer were landed.〔Friedman 2012, p. 280〕 The ships' waterline armour belt had a maximum thickness of and was closed off by transverse bulkheads. The armour of the gun turrets was also five inches thick whilst that of their barbettes was six inches thick. The protective deck armour ranged in thickness from and the conning tower was protected by of armour.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Devonshire-class cruiser (1903)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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